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 TESTS PRODUCT TESTS
Benchmark - Linea DBE to floorheating at low temperature heating

Benchmark - Tempo to steel panel radiator at low temperature heating

Benchmark - Tempo DBE to steel panel radiator at low temperature heating

Benchmark - Tempo DBE to aluminium radiator at low temperature heating



 Studies STUDIES
Optimal control of energy consumption for building heating

Energy efficiency benefit of low mass, low water content heat emitters

Energy efficiency of heating systems with various water content

Study into the operation of a Low-H2O heater at low system temperatures



Benchmark - Linea DBE to floorheating at low temperature heating
Visualisation of the energy performance of Low-H2O Comparison with underfloor heating. A Linea Plus underfloor heating. Simulation of variable heat demand over 24 hours by simulated sunshine through the window and lowering of room temperature at night.


•  The low mass, Linea Plus DBE, offers a number of advantages: • Able to work as the main heating with low water temperature. • Saving energy by enabling a lower night temperature without wasting energy. • Offering optimal comfort by reacting accurately to every change in heat demand. • Underfloor heating is not capable of offering the advantages of a fast system. • Overheating of the room is unavoidable with sunshine falling in through the window. • Night saving is not possible, and a continuous higher room temperature overnight causes high energy losses to outside. • Due to the low water temperature, both Linea Plus DBE and underfloor heating can be combined with condensing boilers and sustainable energy sources like heat pumps and solar cells. Both systems can be used as the main room heating under these conditions.


Progress in time - see pictures below:
time 00:00:15
Temperature in both houses is controlled to approx. 16 °C by room thermostat. House 1 with Linea Plus DBE is kept a little colder than House 2 with the underfloor heating. Outside temp is 10 °C
time 00: 01:00
Room thermostat in House 2 is set to 19.5 °C. Underfloor heating starts consuming energy and takes 2639 W from the boiler. Water inlet temperature is lower than 38 °C.
time 01:00:18
Room thermostat in House 2 has been set to 19.5 °C for 1 hour. The underfloor heating has brought the temperature in House 2 up by 0.5 °C, from 16.7 °C to 17.2 °C in 1 hour. Room thermostat in House 1 is still set at 16 °C.
time 01:01:03
Room thermostat in House 2 has been set to 19.5 °C for 1 hour. Room thermostat in House 1 is still set at 16 °C. The Linea Plus DBE in House 1 has used 130 Wh to keep the room temperature in House 1 at 16 °C. The underfloor heating has used 1669 Wh to increase the temp in House 2 by 0.5 °C.
time 03:59:42
Underfloor heating has increased the temperature in House 2 to 18.5 °C (2 °C over 4 hours). Room thermostat in House 1 has been set to 20 °C for a few minutes. Linea Plus DBE has started to warm up House 1.
time 03:59:42
Underfloor heating has consumed 4487 Wh over 4 hours. Linea Plus DBE has only consumed 783 Wh whilst keeping the temperature in House 1 at 16 °C. The Linea Plus DBE takes 1500 W from the boiler after switching the set point of the room thermostat to 20 °C, the Linea Plus DBE is heating up itself for only a short time. Inlet water temperature for both systems is approx 36 °C.
time 04:32:23
House 1 has reached the comfort temperature of 19.7 °C in 30 minutes. Underfloor heating has brought house 2 to no more than 18.7 °C. With Linea Plus DBE, the room temperature increases by almost 4 °C in 30 minutes. With underfloor heating, the room temp increases by only 2 °C in 4 and a half hours!
time 04:33:08
The Linea Plus DBE has consumed
700 Wh to maintain 16 °C in 4 hours, and another 700 Wh to warm up the room from 16 °C to almost 20 °C in 30 minutes. Total energy consumption for the Linea Plus DBE is 1423 Wh. The underfloor heating has consumed 4925 Wh in 4.5 hours to increase the room temperature by only 2 °C.
time 06:00:53
House 1 has been at set point temperature (20 °C) for more than 1 hour. House 2 is still not up to 19.5 °C. In order for the set point (comfort) temperatures to be reached at the same moment, the Linea Plus DBE can be switched on 5 hours later than the underfloor heating. In this test, we were 1 hour too early!
time 07:00:38
In both houses a electric IR heater of 800 W has been switched on for 1 hour. This simulates the sun falling in through a window. The low mass Linea Plus DBE stops heating the room after the room thermostat has switched off. The underfloor heating keeps on radiating heat. In House 2 the temperature overshoot is almost 2 °C and is still going up after 1 hour of sunshine.
time 07:58:27
Electric IR heaters have been switched off for 1 hour. The thermostat set points in the houses are set to 19 °C. The underfloor heating keeps on radiating heat. The heating system in House 2 cannot react on the quickly changing demands for heat from the room thermostat. The Linea Plus DBE is responding perfectly, following every change in heat demand very quickly.
time 09:00:00
House 2 is still slightly cooling down, recovering from 1 hour sunshine through the window.
time 11:00:10
Set points in room thermostats have been set back to 16 °C for night saving for 1 hour. The house with Linea Plus DBE reacts quickly. The low mass Linea Plus makes sure that the time taken for the temperature to fall is as short as possible. Energy losses through wasteful overheating are kept to a minimum.
time 23:58:29
House 2 with underfloor heating has been trying to cool down through the whole night to reach the night saving temperature.
time 23:58:29
In the graphs: the blue lines show the set points of the room thermostats. The comfort period is marked in green. The red lines are the actual room temperatures. The low mass system follows the heat demand very accurately. The underfloor heating is not able to accept variations in heat demand. High mass systems cannot profit from night lowering, while the risk on overheating of room temperature is very high.
time 23:59:14
The energy consumption over 24 hours is 24 % lower in House 1. The low mass system consumes energy gradually when necessary over the whole day. The energy consumption is always proportional to the heat demand. The underfloor heating consumes almost all its energy while warming up in the morning. The rest of the day, it works as a kind of accumulator because the heat demand is step by step lower during the period of testing.
time 23:59:14
The inlet water temperature for both systems is approx. 38 °C. Due to the DBE thermal activators, the Linea Plus is capable of working very efficiently at very low water temperatures. The Linea Plus combines all advantages of low water temperature with the comfort and energy saving benefits of a fast reacting system.

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